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 What are investigative techniques?

The techniques of research are the set of tools, procedures and instruments used for information and knowledge . They are used according to the protocols established in each determined methodology .

Simply put, investigation techniques are the tools and procedures available to any investigator, which allow them to obtain data and information . However, they do not guarantee that the interpretation or the conclusions obtained are correct or those that were sought. For the latter you need a methodology or a method it field technician salary .

They are part of the technique , that is, of the specific procedure that we carry out to obtain a specific result, which in this case is to collect information. Therefore, there are research techniques applied to all areas of knowledge , from scientific and technological knowledge , to criminology and statistics.

See also: Qualitative and quantitative research

Types of investigation techniques

experimental research techniques

The experimental techniques allow to reproduce the studied phenomenon.

One can find classifications of investigative techniques depending on the specific area in question, but roughly we can organize them into three different categories:

Documentaries Those that collect information from previous sources , such as external research, books, information on various media, and use instruments defined according to those sources, thus adding knowledge to what already exists on their research topic. This is what happens in a historical investigation , in which texts of the time are used.

Field. Those that promote direct observation of the object of study in its element or given context, and that adapt their tools to it, seeking to extract the greatest amount of information in situ , that is, in the place itself. This takes place, for example, in statistical research, since the opinions of people on the street are sought and classified.

Experimental. Those that start from the reproduction, in a controlled environment, of the natural phenomena that it seeks to study. For this, tools and knowledge are used both practical and theoretical, documentary or not, and what is observed is recorded to try to find the truth of how and why things happen. Such is the case with the creation of vaccines in a medical laboratory.